Recently, Tajikistan’s President Emomali Rahmon criticized law enforcement agencies for initiating criminal cases based on users’ online reactions, including likes.
Media lawyer from the public organization Khoma, Ranjit Yatimov, emphasized the significance of the president addressing this issue. Statistics on criminal cases against internet users reveal that most involve accusations of extremism, terrorism, and inciting hatred.
For example, in 2019, over 500 people accused of supporting extremism through likes were granted amnesty.
“To eliminate such practices, it is crucial to ensure transparency in court proceedings related to internet activity, including likes and similar actions,” said Yatimov. “Society must know what specific actions lead to accountability, whether these accusations are justified, and what the motive behind the alleged offense was.”
He stressed the need for access to information about such cases and the inclusion of independent expertise in the process. A like on controversial content does not always indicate support—it could be motivated by a desire to warn others about prohibited materials. Therefore, a more thoughtful and balanced approach to such cases is required.
Key recommendations for Internet safety
1. Understand the Lack of Anonymity: Digital footprints are easily traceable.
2. Respect Copyright: Avoid violating intellectual property laws.
3. Maintain Privacy: Protect your and others’ confidential information.
4. Verify Information: Check facts before posting or sharing.
5. Follow Platform Rules: Adhere to social media policies.
The majority of criminal cases related to internet use in Tajikistan involve accusations of inciting hatred and extremism.
Legal awareness in media and Internet use
Yatimov highlighted several essential areas of media law that users and professionals must understand:
1. Freedom of Speech and Press: Familiarize yourself with national and international laws.
2. Copyright: Learn to protect your creations and avoid infringing on others' rights.
3. Defamation and Reputation Protection: Understand how to avoid spreading false information, which is critical for those sharing news or opinions.
4. Data Protection and Advertising: Be aware of laws regarding personal data and commercial content.
5. International Media Law Standards: These form the basis for a safe and successful digital presence.
Legislative changes and journalist protection
As information and communication technologies evolve, amendments to media laws are necessary to improve access to information and protect journalists.
· Laws guaranteeing access to state information enhance journalists’ work quality and aid in exposing corruption.
· The Law on Media should ensure freedom of speech, the right to access non-restricted information, and prompt availability of public information, fostering investigative journalism.
· Journalists must also be safeguarded from threats and violence, empowering them to address sensitive topics confidently.
However, the existence of laws alone is not enough. Their proper enforcement is vital. When laws are ignored or violated without consequence, trust in the legal system and state institutions erodes. Without effective implementation, even the most progressive laws remain mere formalities, hindering societal development.
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